Niels Bohr (1885-1962) was a Danish physicist who made significant contributions to the understanding of atomic structure and quantum mechanics. He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, to a prominent Jewish family. His father was Christian Bohr, a physiologist, and his mother was Ellen Adler Bohr.

Bohr received his education at the University of Copenhagen, where he obtained his doctorate in physics in 1911. He then spent several years working with the famous physicist J.J. Thomson at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, England.

In 1913, Bohr proposed his model of the atom, which stated that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels. This theory helped to explain the spectral lines observed in the emission and absorption of light by atoms.

Bohr's work on atomic structure laid the foundation for the development of quantum mechanics, a branch of physics that describes the behavior of matter and energy on a very small scale.

During World War II, Bohr played a key role in the Allied efforts to develop nuclear weapons. He worked closely with other physicists, including Albert Einstein, to warn the U.S. government about the potential dangers of nuclear weapons and to promote international control of atomic energy.

Bohr was married to Margrethe Nørlund, and they had six children together. His son, Aage Bohr, also became a physicist and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 for his work on the structure of atomic nuclei.

After the war, Bohr continued to work on nuclear physics and became an outspoken advocate for international cooperation in science. He died in Copenhagen in 1962 at the age of 77.

Niels Bohr was born in Copenhagen, Denmark on October 7, 1885. He came from a family of prominent scientists and academics. His father, Christian Bohr, was a physiologist who had studied under the famous German physiologist, Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke. His mother, Ellen Adler Bohr, came from a wealthy Jewish family, and was the daughter of David Adler, a Jewish politician and businessman.

Bohr's early education was in a private school in Copenhagen, where he excelled in mathematics and physics. He later attended the University of Copenhagen, where he studied physics and received his doctorate in 1911. After completing his studies, Bohr traveled to England, where he worked as a research assistant to J.J. Thomson at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge.

Bohr's most famous contribution to physics was his theory of atomic structure, which he developed in 1913. This theory proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels, and that energy is emitted or absorbed by the atom when electrons move between these levels. Bohr's theory helped to explain the spectral lines observed in the emission and absorption of light by atoms, and laid the foundation for the development of quantum mechanics.

During World War II, Bohr played an important role in the Allied efforts to develop nuclear weapons. He worked closely with other physicists, including Albert Einstein, to warn the U.S. government about the potential dangers of nuclear weapons and to promote international control of atomic energy.

Bohr was married to Margrethe Nørlund, and they had six children together. His son, Aage Bohr, also became a physicist and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 for his work on the structure of atomic nuclei.

After the war, Bohr continued to work on nuclear physics and became an outspoken advocate for international cooperation in science. He was a strong supporter of the United Nations and worked to establish the International Atomic Energy Agency.